• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1000755A1
    申请号:SE1000755
    申请日:2010-07-09
    公开日:2012-01-10
    发明作者:Lars Aake Wern
    申请人:Lars Aake Wern；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Brief Description of the Drawing The generally useful capacitive sensor of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawing in which fi g. Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a preferred embodiment and Figs. 2-5 show a vehicle in schematic views from ground level.
    Preferred embodiment I fi g. 1 shows a block diagram of a generally useful capacitive sensor suitable for indicating a person's proximity to a surface along a large truck as well as along a medium-sized painting or a mobile phone in formc format. A voltage measuring device 1 is provided with a signal ground 2 connected to a first pole 3 of an oscillating voltage source 4 which has a second pole 5 connected to ground 6 and which is connected to a signal input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 via a voltage divider 8 with a capacitive series link 9 arranged between ground 6 and signal input 7 and a capacitive shunt link 10 arranged between signal input 7 and signal ground 2. The latter is connected to electrically conductive means extending along said surface and the oscillating voltage source 4 is connected to ground 6 via a second voltage divider 11 in which a capacitive series link 12 is arranged between ground 6 and the second pole 5. A shunt link 13 is provided by a capacitance which is exhibited between signal ground 2 and ground 6 and has at least the same order of magnitude as the capacitance exhibited by the serial link 12.
    In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the repetition frequency and the voltage amplitude of the voltage source 4 may be of the order of 10 kHz and IOV, respectively. By using a microprocessor and an analog-to-digital converter in a known manner to detect relatively small changes in the voltage amplitude at the input 7, the voltage measuring device 1 is able to indicate proximity to a surface along a large truck as well as along a valuable painting. The voltage divider 11 makes it possible to counteract the influence of moisture in the environment and this also applies to the voltage divider 8 where the series link 9 and the shunt link 10 are formed by one and the same electrical conductor which is connected to the input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 and has a relatively free air capacitance. ground 6 and signal word 2 respectively.
    An electrical conductor connected to the second pole 5 of the voltage source 4 and extending between said surface and ground 6 may form the capacitive serial link 12 of the second voltage divider 1 1. For the electrical conductor providing the capacitive serial link 12, the distance to said electrically conductive means is not critical but it should be chosen for the electrical conductor that provides the capacitive series link 9 and the capacitive shunt link 10 with as much free air space as possible in the installation. The same applies to the distance between said electrical conductors, for example when said surface belongs to a work of art where it is convenient to have the capacitive shunt link 13 provided by an electrically conductive foil arranged below said surface and connected to the signal ground 2. The electrical conductor which determines the capacitive the serial link 12 can be placed next to the foil. However, it should not be close to the second conductor which determines the capacitive series link 9 and also the capacitive link 10 and which is therefore preferably located at a distance from the foil. In a battery-powered embodiment for a free-standing wall in a room where a painting is provided with an underlying plate of plastic, which has on one side the said electrically conductive foil arranged behind the painting and on the opposite side facing the wall the electrical conductor forming the capacitive series link 12, the capacitive sensor can operate with the latter conductor simply extending along the periphery of the plate. A person's proximity to the painting is then indicated by the voltage measuring device 1 as a decrease in the voltage while the immediate vicinity of a person on the other side of the wall would be indicated as an increase in the voltage which should simply be ignored in this application. However, a combined use of these presence indications makes it possible to determine whether a person arrives or leaves in a door application for the capacitive sensor in the described embodiment with a plate.
    In a vehicle application where said electrically conductive means belongs to a metal chassis and wheels provide an insulation relative to ground, the capacitive shunt link 13 of the second voltage divider 11 is determined by the capacitance between ground and chassis. Insulated electrical cables can be used as said conductor, of which the one forming the capacitive series link 12 can be attached in the immediate vicinity of the chassis. The magnitude of the shunt capacitance between the signal ground 2 and the output 5 of the voltage source 4 is not a problem. However, the electrical cable that provides the capacitive series link 9 and the capacitive shunt link 10 should not be positioned unnecessarily near the chassis. It can, for example, be attached under such a surface of plastic close to the ground as is common today in the front of vehicles. An object arriving in this area is indicated by the voltage measuring device 1 as an increased voltage, while proximity to the chassis or metal elements which are connected to the chassis are instead indicated by a reduced voltage. These indications can be used to generate a warning message to the driver and also to trigger an alarm locally or centrally.
    Those skilled in the art can make many obvious improvements to the embodiment described above, for example by introducing spread spectrum modulation of the oscillating voltage source 4 and a corresponding demodulation of the voltage measuring device 1 to counteract possible electromagnetic interference when two works of art or two vehicles have adjacent surfaces and both are provided with the capacitive sensor according to the invention which will now be given a detailed description.
    According to the invention, a biasing element 14 is connected between the pole 5 of the voltage source 4 and the signal input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 and has an impedance of at least the same order of magnitude as the impedance shown between the signal input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 and the signal ground 2. One of the impedances is preferably to be automatically adapted to the other by a control loop maintaining a constant voltage amplitude at the input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1. This makes the capacitive sensor convenient to use for many different purposes, for example in vehicle applications described below with reference to fi g. 2-5.
    A suitable reaction distance can be selected in that the impedance exhibited between the signal input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 and signal ground 2 is arranged to be automatically adjusted while the impedance of the biasing element 14 is arranged to be manually variable. Alternatively, the impedance 10 of the biasing element 1 may be automatically adjusted and the impedance between the signal input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1 and the signal ground 2 may be manually variable. In either case, the manually variable impedance can be conveniently provided by a rheostat-connected logarithmic potentiometer.
    Figs. 2-5 show a vehicle 15 in schematic views from the ground level. According to the example, the capacitive sensor indicated by the invention is arranged to be connected to a metal chassis (not shown) of the vehicle 15. Between two pairs of wheels 16 and 17 shown in fi g. 2, on opposite sides, an insulated electrical conductor 18 is arranged to be connected to the pole 5 of the oscillating voltage source 4 and another insulated insulated electrical conductor 19 is arranged to be connected to the input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1. The embodiment is suitable for detecting a person coming next to the vehicle 15. A learning distance for presence detection can be conveniently selected as described above.
    Fig. 3 shows another embodiment in which the vehicle 15 has its rear provided with an insulated electrical conductor 20 arranged to be connected to the pole 5 of the oscillating voltage source 4 and its front provided with an insulated electrical conductor 21 arranged to be connected to the voltage measuring device 1 input 7. A third embodiment is shown in fi g. 4 where the vehicle 5 has an insulated electrical conductor 22 placed under a fuel tank and arranged to be connected to the pole 5 of the oscillating voltage source 4 and an insulated electrical conductor 23 located in the front and arranged to be connected to the input 7 of the voltage measuring device 1. In these later embodiments, the distance for presence reaction achieved along the front of the vehicle 15 can amount to one meter and be helpful for detecting cyclists and pedestrians, for example if the vehicle 15 is a large truck turning to the right.
    In a fourth embodiment shown in fi g. 5, an insulated electrical conductor 24 is located in the rear of the vehicle 15 and arranged to be connected to the pole 5 of the oscillating surge source 4. An insulated electrical conductor 25 occupies a relatively large area under the vehicle 15 and is arranged to be connected to the voltage measuring device 1. input 7. According to the example, a trailer 26 and the vehicle 15 are mechanically and electrically interconnected via respective means 27 and 28. A metal chassis of the trailer 26 is thereby arranged to be connected to the capacitive sensor signal word 2 and will exhibit one and the same presence detecting functionality. as the vehicle's 15 chassis. The reaction distance is here limited to immediate proximity. Along the electrical conductor 24, which the vehicle 15 is shown to have placed in its rear but could have extended along its entire periphery, the presence can be cut off with a reaction distance selected by means of the biasing element 14. If this functionality is not desirable and no trailer 26 is connected to the vehicle 15, detection of proximity adjacent to the metal chassis thereof can also be exhibited at a shortened length of the electrical conductor 24 or without it. The resulting loss of sensitivity can be counteracted by increasing the surface area of the electrical conductor 25.
    The person skilled in the art can easily modify the described embodiments of the vehicle 15 and transfer their geometric configurations to works of art or to mobile phones as well as to white goods and a variety of other devices within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    A generally useful capacitive sensor which is suitable for indicating a person's proximity to a surface along a large truck as well as along a medium sized painting or a mobile phone in pocket format and in which a voltage measuring device (1) is provided with a signal ground (2 ) connected to a first pole (3) of an oscillating voltage source (4) having a second pole (5) connected to a signal input (7) of the voltage measuring device, said signal input having a first capacitance (9) to ground (6 ) and a second capacitance (10) to said signal ground and a third capacitance (12) is shown to ground by said second pole of the biasing source, and said signal ground being connected to electrically conductive means extending along said surface and having a fourth capacitance (13 ) to earth of at least the same order of magnitude as said third capacitance, characterized in that a biasing element (14) is connected between said second pole of the biasing source and said signal input of the voltage measuring device and has an impedance of at least the same order of magnitude as the impedance exhibited between said signal input and said signal ground.
    [2]
    A generally usable capacitive sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that one of said impedances is arranged to be automatically matched to the other by a control loop maintaining a constant bias amplitude at the signal input of the voltage measuring device.
    [3]
    A generally useful capacitive sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that said impedance of said biasing element is arranged to be automatically matched to the impedance exhibited between said signal input and said signal ground and that the latter impedance is arranged to be manually adjustable for to select an appropriate distance for presence reaction.
    [4]
    A generally useful capacitive sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that said impedance exhibited between said signal input and said signal ground is arranged to be automatically matched to said impedance of the biasing element and that the latter impedance is arranged to be manually adjustable for to select an appropriate distance for presence reaction.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SE1000755A1|2012-01-10|A generally useful capacitive sensor
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20130162267A1|2013-06-27|
    SE535106C2|2012-04-17|
    EP2591551A4|2014-03-05|
    WO2012005646A1|2012-01-12|
    EP2591551A1|2013-05-15|
    RU2013105499A|2014-11-10|
    US8941391B2|2015-01-27|
    BR112013000439A2|2017-10-31|
    KR20130129354A|2013-11-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5442347A|1993-01-25|1995-08-15|The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrater, National Aeronautics & Space Administration|Double-driven shield capacitive type proximity sensor|
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    SE533658C2|2009-01-13|2010-11-23|Lars Aake Wern|A generally useful capacitive sensor|SE536802C2|2012-08-06|2014-09-02|Lars Åke Wern|A monitoring system with multiple applications for natural disaster alarms|
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    JP6257859B1|2014-12-18|2018-01-10|スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー|Article and method for parallel labeling of connected arrays|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1000755A|SE535106C2|2010-07-09|2010-07-09|A generally useful capacitive sensor|SE1000755A| SE535106C2|2010-07-09|2010-07-09|A generally useful capacitive sensor|
    PCT/SE2011/000126| WO2012005646A1|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|A multi purpose capacitive sensor|
    KR1020137002398A| KR20130129354A|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|A multi purpose capacitive sensor|
    EP11803878.5A| EP2591551A4|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|A multi purpose capacitive sensor|
    RU2013105499/08A| RU2013105499A|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|MULTI-PURPOSE CAPACITIVE SENSOR|
    BR112013000439A| BR112013000439A2|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|multipurpose capacitive sensor|
    US13/809,408| US8941391B2|2010-07-09|2011-06-29|Multi purpose capacitive sensor|
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